Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Internal conflict
| Terms: Intern - Izz
| Term (optional text) {Frame of Reference} |
Definition |
| Category |
| internal conflict | A psychological conflict within the central character. The primary struggle is between different aspects of a single personality. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Internal conflict | |
| Film Theory |
| internal diegetic sound | See In: | soundtrack elements - internal diegetic sound | |
| Film Theory |
| internal graticule | See In: | graticule | |
| Post Picture, Video Camera |
| internal reflector | A lamp with an integral reflector such as the MR-16 and R-40. |
| Grip & Electric |
International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts  |
(Abbreviation: | IATSE | ) IATSE was originally chartered by the American Federation of Labor as the National Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees in 1893. Our name has evolved over the course of 119 years of geographic and craft expansion as well as technological advancement. The current title, adopted in 1995, more accurately reflects the full scope of our activities in the entertainment industry. Since the birth of our organization, the stage hands and projectionists have been joined by a great variety of other craftspersons in the numerous branches of the entertainment industry, including motion picture and television production, product demonstration and industrial shows, conventions, facility maintenance, casinos, audio visual and computer graphics. In the I.A. we have always understood that our bargaining strength comes from our complete coverage of all the crafts involved in the production of theatrical, motion picture or television products. Our members are involved in every phase of a production, from its conception through every aspect of its execution. The principle of complete coverage and unanimity of purpose has been applied by the I.A. with ever-increasing success to each new form of entertainment. It is through our combined strength that we have been able to achieve some of the highest wages and best working conditions to be found among skilled craftspersons anywhere. Our members are among the highest compensated union members in North America. While most contracts are negotiated locally or by region, the General Office signs nationwide agreements in cases where they are warranted by the nature of the work involved. In order to protect and expand our bargaining success, it has been, and continues to be, necessary to maintain jurisdictional control over the crafts we represent. To do so, the I.A. has been constantly required to meet the challenges presented by technological developments. Over the years, our ability to adjust to technological change has become one of our greatest strengths. Continuing in that tradition, the I.A. has been in the forefront of efforts to organize workers in new crafts such as computer-generated imagery. Throughout our history we have shown a willingness to modify our structure to protect our traditional jurisdiction and accommodate new crafts, but that alone is not sufficient. In recent years, the I.A. has maintained its position in the vanguard of entertainment industry unions by vigorously pursuing a policy of organizing nonunion workers. On both the International and local levels of our organization, we have reaffirmed our commitment to represent every worker employed in our crafts. Membership participation and democracy are cornerstones of the I.A. These principles are advanced by our local union structure. Our local unions are autonomous organizations. They are free to pursue independent agendas based upon their membership′s concerns. The local union structure, backed up by the International, enables members to have a direct voice in their working lives. The membership is the driving force behind the effort to obtain the kind of wages, benefits and working conditions they need for themselves and their families. The local unions are the vehicles that have enabled these goals to be reached. The laws of the I.A. are contained in the International Constitution and Bylaws. This document contains the guidelines that govern the operation of the International Union and its relationship to the individual local unions and members. The local unions, in turn, adopt their own Constitutions for the operation of their organizations. The supreme governing body of the IATSE is the Quadrennial Convention. Every four years convention delegates, elected by their local unions, review the progress of the organization; its policies are affirmed or altered; plans for the future are formulated; and its Constitution and Bylaws are kept up to date. Elections for International Officers also take place at the Convention. Between Conventions, the I.A. government is entrusted to its General Executive Board – consisting of the International President, General Secretary-Treasurer and thirteen Vice Presidents. The Board meets at least twice each year. Day-to-day administration of IATSE affairs is in the hands of the International President, whose staff includes Assistants to the President and a corps of International Representatives working throughout the United States and Canada. Three International Trustees are elected to keep watch over the finances of the I.A. The Board of Trustees meets twice a year to review the financial books and records of the organization. In order to best address regional issues confronting the Locals of the I.A., the International established fourteen District bodies covering various regions of the U.S. and Canada. These Districts hold annual conventions to discuss their regional interests and concerns. In addition, each Quadrennial Convention of the International is immediately preceded by conventions of the Districts. Through its long history, the IATSE has moved steadily forward with a firm determination to bring under one banner the multitude of different crafts active in every technical phase of the entertainment industry. For many workers, I.A. membership is one of their most valuable and proudest possessions. We are convinced that this value and this source of pride will continue to grow mightily in the years ahead. Website(s): | International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes, Moving Picture Technicians, Artists and Allied Crafts | |
| Organizations |
| International Animated Film Association | See: | Association Internationale du Film d′Animation | |
| Organizations |
| International Animation Association | See: | Association Internationale du Film d′Animation | |
| Organizations |
| International Association of Lighting Designers |
(Abbreviation: | IALD | ) Vision "To create a better world through leadership and excellence in lighting design; to cultivate the universal acknowledgement and appreciation of the Power of Light in human life." Mission "To serve the IALD worldwide membership by promoting the visible success of its members in practicing lighting design." The Association Founded in 1969 and based in Chicago, Illinois, USA, IALD is an internationally recognized organization dedicated solely to the concerns of independent, professional Lighting Designers. IALD strives to set the global standard for lighting design excellence by promoting the advancement and recognition of professional Lighting Designers. Value Lighting Designers are a tremendous resource of innovative, practical and economically viable lighting solutions. They understand the role of lighting in architectural and interior design and utilize their extensive experience and knowledge of lighting equipment and systems to enhance and strengthen design. Members Governed by an 11-member board of directors, IALD is a volunteer association that relies on the active participation of its members. The over 700 Lighting Designers around the world who are members of IALD hold a position of distinction and authority in the lighting design profession. Becoming a Member For information about IALD membership, go to the the Join the IALD section of the website. Website(s): | International Association of Lighting Designers | |
| Organizations |
| International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers |
(Abbreviation: | IBEW | ) The IBEW represents approximately 675,000 members who work in a wide variety of fields, including utilities, construction, telecommunications, broadcasting, manufacturing, railroads and government. The IBEW has members in both the United States and Canada and stands out among the American unions in the AFL-CIO because it is among the largest and has members in so many skilled occupations. Website(s): | International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers | |
| Organizations |
| International Catholic Organization for Cinema and Audiovisual | See: | Organisation Catholique Internationale du Cinéma et de l′Audiovisuel | |
| Organizations |
| International Centre of Films for Children and Young People | See: | Centre International du Film pour l′Enfance et la Jeunesse | |
| Organizations |
| international co-production | Refers to a film made by production companies from different countries. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – International co-production | |
| Film Theory |
| International Electrotechnical Commission |
(Abbreviation: | IEC | ) A vital role Millions of devices that contain electronics, and use or produce electricity, rely on IEC International Standards and Conformity Assessment Systems to perform, fit and work safely together. Founded in 1906, the IEC is the world′s leading organization for the preparation and publication of International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. These are known collectively as "electrotechnology". IEC provides a platform to companies, industries and governments for meeting, discussing and developing the International Standards they require. The IEC is the world′s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. Over 10,000 experts from industry, commerce, government, test & research labs, academia and consumer groups participate in IEC standardization work. Globally relevant The IEC is one of three global sister organizations (IEC, ISO, ITU) that develop International Standards for the world. When appropriate, IEC cooperates with ISO (International Organization for Standardization) or ITU (International Telecommunication Union) to ensure that International Standards fit together seamlessly and complement each other. Joint committees ensure that International Standards combine all relevant knowledge of experts working in related areas. All IEC International Standards are fully consensus-based and represent the needs of key stakeholders of every nation participating in IEC work. Every member country, no matter how large or small, has one vote and a say in what goes into an IEC International Standard. See Also: | American National Standards Institute | Website(s): | International Electrotechnical Commission | |
| Organizations |
| International Federation of Film Critics | See: | Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique | |
| Organizations |
| International Federation of Film Producers Association | See: | Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Film | |
| Organizations |
| International Federation of Film Societies | See: | Fédération Internationale des Ciné-Clubs | |
| Organizations |
| International Organisation for Standardization |
AKA: | ISO | ISO is the world′s largest developer and publisher of International Standards. ISO is a network of the national standards institutes of 163 countries, one member per country, with a Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland, that coordinates the system. ISO is a non-governmental organization that forms a bridge between the public and private sectors. On the one hand, many of its member institutes are part of the governmental structure of their countries, or are mandated by their government. On the other hand, other members have their roots uniquely in the private sector, having been set up by national partnerships of industry associations. Therefore, ISO enables a consensus to be reached on solutions that meet both the requirements of business and the broader needs of society. ISO′s name Because "International Organization for Standardization" would have different acronyms in different languages ("IOS" in English, "OIN" in French for Organisation internationale de normalisation), its founders decided to give it also a short, all-purpose name. They chose "ISO", derived from the Greek isos, meaning "equal". Whatever the country, whatever the language, the short form of the organization′s name is always ISO. Why standards matter Standards make an enormous and positive contribution to most aspects of our lives. Standards ensure desirable characteristics of products and services such as quality, environmental friendliness, safety, reliability, efficiency and interchangeability – and at an economical cost. When products and services meet our expectations, we tend to take this for granted and be unaware of the role of standards. However, when standards are absent, we soon notice. We soon care when products turn out to be of poor quality, do not fit, are incompatible with equipment that we already have, are unreliable or dangerous. When products, systems, machinery and devices work well and safely, it is often because they meet standards. And the organization responsible for many thousands of the standards which benefit the world is ISO. When standards are absent, we soon notice. Website(s): | International Organisation for Standardization | |
| Organizations |
| International System of Units | (Abbreviation: | SI | ) (from the French Le Système International d′Unités) The modern metric system of measurement. SI is the dominant measurement system not only in science, but also in international commerce. Reference(s): | NIST Guide for the use of the International System of Units | | Wikipedia – International System of Units | |
| Measurements |
| International Telecommunications Union |
(Abbreviation: | ITU | ) Overview ITU is the United Nations specialized agency for information and communication technologies — ICTs. We allocate global radio spectrum & satellite orbits, develop the technical standards that ensure networks & technologies seamlessly interconnect and strive to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide. ITU is committed to connecting all the world′s people — wherever they live and whatever their means. Through our work, we protect and support everyone′s fundamental right to communicate. Membership Contact. Commit. Connect. Become a member of ITU. An organization based on public-private partnership since its inception, ITU currently has a membership of 193 countries and over 700 private-sector entities and academic institutions. ITU is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland and has twelve regional and area offices around the world. ITU membership represents a cross-section of the global ICT sector, from the world′s largest manufacturers and carriers to small, innovative players working with new and emerging technologies, along with leading R&D institutions and academia. Founded on the principle of international cooperation between governments (Member States) and the private sector (Sector Members, Associates and Academia), ITU is the premier global forum through which parties work towards consensus on a wide range of issues affecting the future direction of the ICT industry. Our vision Committed to connecting the world. Virtually every facet of modern life — in business, culture or entertainment, at work and at home — depends on information and communication technologies. Today, there are billions of mobile phone subscribers, close to five billion people with access to television and tens of millions of new Internet users every year. Hundreds of millions of people around the world use satellite services — whether getting directions from a satellite navigation system, checking the weather forecast or watching television from isolated areas. Millions more use video compression every day in mobile phones, music players and cameras. ITU is at the very heart of the ICT sector, brokering agreement on technologies, services, and allocation of global resources like radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbital positions, to create a seamless global communications system that′s robust, reliable and constantly evolving. Website(s): | International Telecommunications Union | The ITU is divided into three sectors: ITU-D: telecommunications development ITU-R: radio communications ITU-T: telecommunications standards |
| Organizations |
| international version | See: | M&E (Track) | |
| Post Sound |
| Internationaler Verband der Filmkritiker | See: | Fédération Internationale de la Presse Cinématographique | |
| Organizations |
| Internationaler Verband der Filmproduzenten | See: | Fédération Internationale des Associations de Producteurs de Film | |
| Organizations |
| internegative | Laboratory film element that is made from an interpositive and is used to make release prints not only at high-speed (because the color is balanced and there are little or no splices to worry about), but more importantly because the EK neg is protected. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Internegative | |
| Post Lab |
| interpositive | (Abbreviation: | IP | ) Laboratory film elements made from the original camera negative in preparation either to make an internegative or to be used in a telecine machine to transfer the film image to tape. (Unless they are the only extant elements of a film, standard release prints are never used for video transfers.) An interpositive contains shot-to-shot color correction so that internegatives can be made with no further color adjustments, although further adjustment is always necessary when doing film-to-tape mastering. If the camera negative was cut in AB rolls, then the IP can incorporate first-generation fades and dissolves. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Interpositive | See: | AB reel(s) | |
| Post Lab |
| interpretation | An artistic explanation or representation of the meaning of the subject matter. In cinema, for example, a Director is said to give his interpretation of the story, or an Actor gives his interpretation of the character. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Aesthetic interpretation | |
| Film Theory |
| interpretive exposure | Intervention in the meter-diaphragm-shutter conspiracy in order to achieve a special look such as high-key, low-key and silhouette. |
| Camera, Grip & Electric |
| interruptable foldback | AKA: | talent cueing | (Abbreviation: | IFB | ) An audio sub-system allowing on-air personnel ("Talent") to receive via headphones, or ear monitors, the normal program audio mixed with audio cues from the Director, or their Assistants. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Interruptible foldback | |
| Equipment & Components |
| intertitles | See In: | titles - intertitles | |
| Post Picture |
| intervalometer | A device that attaches to the camera for filming single exposures, much like an animation motor, except that an intervalometer is capable of exposing single frames automatically, as in the technique of time lapse photography. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Intervalometer | |
| Film Camera |
| interview format | Using a basic interview as the basis of production or program segment. |
| Film Theory |
| intMDCT {Audio Compression} |
(integer MDCT) A lossless form of MDCT. See Also: | MDCT {Audio Compression} | |
| Science of Sound |
| "INTO FRAME" {Script} |
The audience can only see so much through the window of a movie screen. Use this term to suggest something or someone comes into the picture while the camera stays put. It′s like a character or object coming from off stage in the theater. For example: Forrest Gump sits on the bench. OLD WOMAN INTO FRAME. She sits next to him. See Also: | "INTO VIEW" {Script} | |
| Documents |
| "INTO VIEW" {Script} |
The audience can only see so much through the window of a movie screen. Use this term to suggest something or someone comes into the picture while the camera pulls back (pans, etc) to reveal more of the scene. See Also: | "INTO FRAME" {Script} | |
| Documents |
| intravision | A special effects optical process that allows you to look through the camera and see exactly what you are going to get. |
| Shots & Coverage |
| intrusion on seclusion | Related to invasion of privacy, a legal term denoting the unlawful entering into a place or state without invitation, right or welcome. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Privacy laws of the United States – Intrusion of solitude and seclusion | |
| Movie Business |
| invasion of privacy | Illegally and inappropriately prying into someone′s personal business. It may be actual, such as trespassing on private property to secure a news story, or figurative, such as when a telephoto lens or electronic eavesdropping device is used. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Expectation of privacy | |
| Movie Business |
| inverse square law |
Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Inverse square law |
light: AKA: | fall-off | A law of physics that states that light from a point source falls off inversely to the square of the distance. As an example, if a light is 10′ from your subject and you move it to 20′, you′ll only have 1/4 the lighting intensity. If you move the light to 40′, it will now have only 1/16th the intensity. Reflectors and lenses reduce fall-off. Diffusion increases it. Tip: to minimize fall-off within a scene, use hard lights as far away as practical. radio: Radio signals propagates in all directions to form a spherical field, thus RF energy is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, i.e., doubling the distance quarters the RF energy, and is attenuated 6 dB for each doubling. Tip: always attempt to get your receivers as close as possible to their transmitters. sound: Sound propagates in all directions to form a spherical field, thus sound energy is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, i.e., doubling the distance quarters the sound energy, so SPL is attenuated 6 dB for each doubling. |
| Grip & Electric, Science of Sound ,Wireless |
| invisible cut(ting) | A cut made during the movement of a Performer which is achieved by overlapping the action or by using two cameras, then matching the action during editing. |
| Post Picture |
| invisible editing | Editing made unobtrusive by carefully cutting on action or matching action between shots. See Also: | invisible cut(ting) | matching (on) action {Editing} | |
| Post Picture |
| IP {Film} |
Abbreviation For: | interpositive | |
| Post Lab |
| IP {General} |
Abbreviation For: | intellectual property | |
| Sound |
| IP/IN | The process of making a new negative of a film by striking an interpositive and then, from that, striking a new negative (internegative). |
| Post Lab |
| IPS | Inches Per Second |
| Measurements |
| IRE (unit) |
(unit of amplitude originally standardized by the Institute of Radio Engineers) A relative unit of measure on a waveform monitor. One IRE equals 1/140th of the composite video signal′s peak-to-peak voltage. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – IRE {unit} | |
| Measurements |
| iris | See: | aperture (setting) | |
| Camera Lens |
| iris in/iris out | See: | irising {Cinematography} | |
| Camera |
| iris shot | See: | irising {Cinematography} | |
| Camera |
| iris wipe | See: | irising {Cinematography} | |
| Camera |
| irising {Cinematography} |
AKA: | circle-in/circle-out | iris in/iris out | iris shot | iris wipe | An earlier cinematographic technique or wipe effect, in the form of an expanding or diminishing circle, in which a part of the screen is blacked out so that only a portion of the image can be seen by the viewer. Usually the lens aperture is circular or oval shaped and is often expanded or contracted as the film rolls, often from one Scene to the next. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – History of film – Irising and soft focus | |
| Camera |
| iron | Pejorative term for "equipment" in the context of its effect on sound quality: ″He has so much iron in his chain, it′s a wonder that we can distinguish between men and women on his dialog premix.″ |
| Equipment & Components |
| irony | The use of language to express something quite different from or opposite to its literal meaning. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Irony | |
| Film Theory |
| ISO {Film Speed} |
(Pronounced: I-S-O) See In: | film speed - ISO | |
| Camera, Film, Grip & Electric, Measurements |
| ISO {Organization} |
See: | International Organisation for Standardization | |
| Organizations |
| iso (channel) |
AKA: | isolated (channel) | (Pronounced: i-so) Refers to the separately recorded (isolated) audio from one mic. Contrast With: | mixdown {Production Sound} | |
| Sound |
| ISO (light) | AKA: | isolated (light) | Refers to a small (typically yellow) signal-lamp on a television camera or monitor. If present, it is usually located next to the tally light. In a situation with Master Control, it indicates that the video signal is isolated and being recorded separately. Also, while it is illuminated, it is a warning to handle the camera′s triax/fiber cable with care as moving it can effect the picture quality. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Tally light {ISO} | |
| Video Camera |
| iso′d | See In: | ISO (light) | |
| Video Camera |
| iso(lation) booth | AKA: | drum booth | drum room | isolation room | A room that prevents sounds outside from leaking inside and/or reducing ambience and reverberation. An isolation booth is usually a smaller room that could be used for only one person. Reference(s): | Wikipedia – Recording studio – Isolation booth | |
| Equipment & Components |
| isolated (channel) | See: | iso (channel) | |
| Sound |
| isolated (light) | See: | ISO (light) | |
| Video Camera |
| isolation | Containing the sound wave in a certain area so that it will not leak into other area(s) and/or unintended mic(s). |
| Science of Sound |
| isolation room | See: | iso(lation) booth | |
| Equipment & Components |
| "It" list | AKA: | A-list | Refers to the tendency in show business to prioritize individuals (Stars, Writers, would-be celebrities or up-and-comers) as "hot" or "watchable" — highlighting those who have suddenly "burst onto the scene" and are notable and/or bankable. Those who had some transient success or "brush with greatness", but then were demoted from the list are called forgotten, has-beens, shooting stars or flashes in the pan (after "fifteen minutes of fame" – an Andy Warhol expression). |
| Film Theory |
| Italian Actor′s Union | See: | Guild of Italian American Actors | |
| Organizations |
| Italian neo-realism | See: | neo-realism | |
| Film Theory |
| ITC | Abbreviation For: | intermittent traffic control | |
| Set/Location Related |
| IT′S A WRAP (FOR TODAY)! |
What the Director says when he/she is done shooting, either for the day, or for the entire film. Usually, if it′s not the final shoot he/she would say "IT′S A WRAP FOR TODAY!". Historical Note: In the early days of cinema, the cameraman would say after filming: "Wind, Reel and Print" — abbreviated as WRAP. |
| On-set Calls |
| ITU | Abbreviation For: | International Telecommunications Union | |
| Organizations |
| ITU-R 2kHz-weighting | See: | weighting filters - ITU-R ARM-weighting | |
| Measurements |
| ITU-R 468-weighting | See In: | weighting filters - ITU-R 468-weighting | |
| Measurements |
| ITU-R ARM-weighting | See In: | weighting filters - ITU-R ARM-weighting | |
| Measurements |
|
|
